Clinical Use of Pfizer's 50mg Sildenafil Citrate

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No dose adjustment is required (including severe impairment CLcr < 30 mL/min) [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

More about sildenafil

Concomitant use of REVATIO with ritonavir and other potent CYP3A inhibitors is not recommended [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. In drug-drug interaction studies, sildenafil (25 mg, 50 sildenafil for women mg, or 100 mg) and the alpha-blocker doxazosin (4 mg or 8 mg) were administered simultaneously to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) stabilized on doxazosin therapy. In these study populations, mean additional reductions of supine systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 7/7 mmHg, 9/5 mmHg, and 8/4 mmHg, respectively, were observed. Mean additional reductions of standing blood pressure of 6/6 mmHg, 11/4 mmHg, and 4/5 mmHg, respectively, were also observed. There were infrequent reports of patients who experienced symptomatic postural hypotension.

What are the most common side effects of sildenafil?

These reports included dizziness and light-headedness, but not syncope. When sildenafil 100 mg oral was co-administered with amlodipine, 5 mg or 10 mg oral, to hypertensive patients, the mean additional reduction on supine blood pressure was 8 mmHg systolic and 7 mmHg diastolic. Monitor blood pressure when co-administering blood pressure lowering drugs with REVATIO [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Limited published data from randomized controlled trials, case-controlled trials, and case series do not report a clear association with sildenafil and major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes when sildenafil is used during pregnancy. There are risks to the mother and fetus from untreated pulmonary arterial hypertension (see Clinical Considerations).

Revatio for Oral Suspension

Animal reproduction studies conducted with sildenafil showed no evidence of embryo-fetal toxicity or teratogenicity at doses up to 32- and 65-times the recommended human dose (RHD) of 20 mg three times a day in rats and rabbits, respectively [See Data]. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2–4% and 15–20%, respectively. In studies with healthy volunteers of single doses up to 800 mg, adverse events were similar to those seen at lower doses but rates and severities were increased.

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Sildenafil is also marketed as VIAGRA® for erectile dysfunction.

At a glance

Adverse reactions were generally transient and mild to moderate in nature. At doses higher than the recommended 20 mg three times a day, there was a greater incidence of some adverse reactions including flushing, diarrhea, myalgia and visual disturbances. Visual disturbances were identified as mild and transient, and were predominately color-tinge to vision, but also increased sensitivity to light or blurred vision. The incidence of retinal hemorrhage with REVATIO 20 mg three times a day was 1.4% versus 0% placebo and for all REVATIO doses studied was 1.9% versus 0% placebo. The incidence of eye hemorrhage at both 20 mg three times a day and at all doses studied was 1.4% for REVATIO versus 1.4% for placebo.

Mild side effects

The patients experiencing these reactions had risk factors for hemorrhage including concurrent anticoagulant therapy. In a placebo-controlled fixed dose titration study (Study 2) of REVATIO (starting with recommended dose of 20 mg and increased to 40 mg and then 80 mg all three times a day) as an adjunct to intravenous epoprostenol in patients with PAH, the adverse reactions that were more frequent in the REVATIO + epoprostenol group than in the epoprostenol group (greater than 6% difference) are shown in Table 2 [see Clinical Studies (14)]. REVATIO injection was studied in a 66-patient, placebo-controlled study in patients with PAH at doses targeting plasma concentrations between 10 and 500 ng/mL (up to 8 times the exposure of the recommended dose). Adverse events with REVATIO injection were similar to those seen with oral tablets. The following adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of sildenafil (marketed for both PAH and erectile dysfunction).

Erectile dysfunction

In postmarketing experience with sildenafil at doses indicated for erectile dysfunction, serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and vascular events, including myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, ventricular arrhythmia, cerebrovascular hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack, hypertension, pulmonary hemorrhage, and subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhages have been reported in temporal association with the use of the drug. Many of these events were reported to occur during or shortly after sexual activity, and a few were reported to occur shortly after the use of sildenafil without sexual activity. Others were reported to have occurred hours to days after use concurrent with sexual activity. It is not possible to determine whether these events are related directly to sildenafil, to sexual activity, to the patient's underlying cardiovascular disease, or to a combination of these or other factors. Concomitant use of REVATIO with nitrates in any form is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4)]. REVATIO (sildenafil) Tablets: REVATIO is formulated as white, film-coated round tablets for oral administration.

Each tablet contains sildenafil citrate equivalent to 20 mg of sildenafil.

How should this medicine be used?

Clinical studies of REVATIO did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy [see Clinical sildenafil pricing Pharmacology (12.3)]. No dose adjustment for mild to moderate impairment is required. Severe impairment has not been studied [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. REVATIO (sildenafil) Injection: REVATIO is supplied as a clear, colorless, sterile, ready to use solution in a single-use vial containing 10 mg/12.5 mL of sildenafil.

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No evidence of teratogenicity, embryotoxicity, or fetotoxicity was observed in pregnant rats or rabbits dosed with sildenafil 200 mg/kg/day during organogenesis, a level that is, on a mg/m2 basis, 32- and 65-times, respectively, the recommended human dose (RHD) of 20 mg three times a day. In a rat pre- and postnatal development study, the no-observed-adverse-effect dose was 30 mg/kg/day (equivalent to 5-times the RHD on a mg/m2 basis). Limited published data from a case report describe the presence of sildenafil and its active metabolite in human milk. There is insufficient information about the effects of sildenafil on the breastfed infant and no information on the effects of sildenafil on milk production. Limited clinical data during lactation preclude a clear determination of the risk of REVATIO to an infant during lactation.

What happens with ED?

In a randomized, double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-ranging study, 234 patients with PAH, aged 1 to 17 years, body weight greater than or equal to 8 kg, were randomized, on the basis of body weight, to three dose levels of REVATIO, or placebo, for 16 weeks of treatment. Most patients had mild to moderate symptoms at baseline: sildenafil 100mg lowest price WHO Functional Class I (32%), II (51%), III (15%), or IV (0.4%). One-third of patients had primary PAH; two-thirds had secondary PAH (systemic-to-pulmonary shunt in 37%; surgical repair in 30%). Sixty-two percent of patients were female. Drug or placebo was administered three times a day.

Can women take Viagra?

The primary objective of the study was to assess the effect of REVATIO on exercise capacity as measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing in pediatric patients developmentally able to perform the test (n = 115). Administration of REVATIO did not result in a statistically significant improvement in exercise capacity in those patients. No patients died during the 16-week controlled study. After completing the 16-week controlled study, a patient originally randomized to REVATIO remained on his/her dose of REVATIO or, if originally randomized to placebo, was randomized to low-, medium-, or high-dose REVATIO. After all patients completed 16 weeks of follow-up in the controlled study, the blind was broken and doses were adjusted as clinically indicated. Each mL of solution contains 1.124 mg sildenafil citrate (equivalent to 0.8 mg sildenafil), 50.5 mg dextrose and water for injection.

Storage Condition Details Notes
Temperature Store below 25°C (77°F) Avoid heat and humidity
Light Exposure Keep in original container, shield from light Protect from sunlight
Shelf Life Typically 2–3 years Check expiry date before use

REVATIO (sildenafil) for Oral Suspension: REVATIO is supplied as white to off-white powders containing 1.57

g of sildenafil citrate (equivalent to1.12 g sildenafil) in an amber glass bottle intended for reconstitution.

Route of administration

Patients treated with sildenafil were followed for a median of 4.6 years (range 2 days to 8.6 years). Mortality during the long-term study, by originally assigned dose, is shown in Figure 6: During the study, there were 42 reported deaths, with 37 of these deaths reported prior to a decision to titrate subjects to a lower dosage because of a finding of increased mortality with increasing REVATIO doses. For the survival analysis which included 37 deaths, the hazard ratio for high dose compared to low dose was 3.9, p=0.007. Causes of death were typical of patients with PAH. Use of REVATIO, particularly chronic use, is not recommended in children. Following reconstitution with 90 mL water, the volume of the oral suspension is 112 mL and the oral suspension contains 10 mg/mL sildenafil.

Dosage Advice Details Notes
Standard Dose 50 mg as needed, 1 hour before activity Adjust based on efficacy and tolerability
Maximum Dose 100 mg per day Do not exceed this amount
How to Take Oral tablet with water Avoid heavy meals immediately before use
Frequency of Use As needed, not daily Use only when required

In addition to the bottle, a press-in bottle adapter and an oral dosing syringe (with 0.5 mL and 2 mL dose markings) are provided.

Instruction Explanation Additional Notes
Take on an empty stomach Absorption may be faster Avoid heavy or fatty meals
Do not mix with alcohol Can increase side effects Use responsibly
Avoid driving immediately after May cause dizziness or visual disturbances Wait until effects subside
Follow prescribed dosage To prevent adverse effects Consult doctor if unsure

Sildenafil, therefore, increases cGMP within pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells resulting in relaxation.

In patients with PAH, this can lead to vasodilation of the pulmonary vascular bed and, to a lesser degree, vasodilatation in the systemic circulation.

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